Charring oven



(No Model. 3 Sheets-Sheet 2:.

J KIDD.

GHARRING OVEN.

No. 249,366. Patented Nov; 8,1881.

an III/4 v 1/ x W A v wmss ,Eeventvr.

W M Jbskmwd.

J OZJ) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet: 3..

1. KIDD.

UHARRING OVEN.

Patented Nov. 8,1881.

wszwmd tzzesses.

JOSHUA KIDD, ()F FERN PATENT OFFICE.

BANK, WANDSWORTH coMMoNs, oouNrY or SURREY, ENGLAND.

'IfIARRING-OVEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Patent No. 249,366, dated November 8, 1881 Applicationfiled August 10, 1881. (No model.)

T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSHUA KIDD, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, but who has declared his intention of becoming a citizen of the United States, residing at Fern Bank, Wandsworth Commons, in the county of Surrey,Eng-

land, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oharring-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to ovens for charrin g or drying various substances, such as wood, coal, peat, bones, vegetable refuse, &c and its object is to improve the construction of such ovens, to economize heat, and to I 0001 the charred contents of one oven by passing through it the products of combustion,which havebeen in a degree deprived of their heat by being first caused to pass through an oven containing a fresh charge of material to be charred.

In Letters Patent of the United States No. 132,403, granted to me Octobcr22,1872, I have shown an arrangement bywhich the products of combustion of a fire are drawn by a jet of superheated steam into a hot-air or drying chamber, and I contemplate a similar operation in this case; but under the organization shown in said patent considerable time was required for cooling the charred contents-- charcoal, for instanceot the hot-air chamber or oven,.and, as above mentioned, this inven tion is, among other thin gs, designed to remedy that difficulty.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of a plant of my improved ovens. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section through two of the ovens. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2, and

showing two pairs of opposite ovens. Fig. 4 is a plan view of two opposite ovens,partly in section to show the port for the products of combustion and the ports opening into the ovens. Fig. 5 is a transverse section through one of the ovens. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional any desirable number, are arranged in pairs on opposite sides of a central wall, O. A flue, D, into which the products of combustionare drawn, as will be hereinafter described, runs the entire length of the wall 0, and has an outlet opening or port, 01, centrally between each pair of ovens A B, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. On each side of the port d are ports a I), openin g into their respective ovens A B. The ports a, b, and d open into the draft flues or domes E E, whichcommunicate with the chimney F. By means of an ordinary slide valve, G, operated by a projecting rod, g, the products of combustion can be thrown into either of the ovens A B, and the opposite oven placed in communication with the draft-flue E, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2;

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 3 and 5, it will be seen that the ovens proper are T-shaped in cross-section, and that flues H extend along both sides at the bottom of each pair of ovens A B, passing through the central wall, 0. These flues communicate with the ovens A B by apertures h. It will thus be seen that when the products of combustion have been thrown into one oven-say A-they will pass through it, then out at the apertures h, and through the flues H on each side into the oven B, and from thence through the draft-flue E to the chimney. Each pair of ovensA B is separate and distinct from every other pair,

being separated by walls I.

I The material to be charred isv put into cars J, which run on tracks into the ovens. The doors K are held in place, as shown, by'one or more props or levers, L. These doors are preferably sheet metal, and are made double at the top, as shown in Fig. 7 to prevent the radiation or escape of the heat.

The series of ovens A B are supported laterally by buttresses M and braced by the rods m. f

At each end of the central wall, 0, there is a furnace, 0, and boiler P. The steam-pipe 12 is provided with a suitable cook, 19, and extends from the boiler down and through the superheaterQ in the top of the combustionchamber, the nozzle of the pipe projecting slightly into the flue D, which opens directly into thecombustiou-chamber. The products of a large part of their heat, and will be snfticiently lowered in temperature to hasten the cooling of the charred charge in the opposite oven. This operation is of great advantage in cooling charcoal, for instance, which, on ac-. count of its strong affinity for oxygen, cannot be exposed to the air until its temperature has been considerably lowered.

The construction above described simplifies and improves the operation of charring-ovens and materially economizes heat.

The cars are preferably made of gas -pipe, but may, of course,be constructed in any other way to suit the material to be dried orcharred.

I am aware that in coking coal the entire volume of gases from a charge of coal while coking in one chamber have been discharged into and through ahighly-hea-ted body of coke contained in another chamber, whereby said, coke takes up carbon from the gases and retains 'the same. Such, not being my method, is hereby disclaimed. I

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The improvement in the method of charring substances which consists in passing the products of combustion through a fresh charge of material for charring the latter and depriving the products of combustion of a large proportion of their heat,and then passing the same in their lowered temperature through a charge 'of material which has been previously charred for expediting the cooling thereof, all substantially in the manner set forth.

2. The combination of the opposite ovens, A B, the flue for the products of combustion, provided with the ports a b d, the slide-valve, and the fines H, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the furnace, the boiler, the steam-nozzle, the flue D, provided with the ports a b d, ovens arranged on oppositesides of the fine, the slide-valve, the draft-flue, and the side fines, H, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of the series of opposite ovens, the furnace, boiler, and steam -jet at each end, the flue for the products of combustion, having the ports at b d, the valve, the draftflue, and the side fines, H, substantially as set forth. i

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSHUA KIDD. Witnesses JAMES L. NORRIS, JAMES A. RUTHERFORD. 

